Essential Insights
- Anime encompasses diverse genres ranging from comedy, romance, to science fiction, with legendary series such as Sailor Moon shaping each niche.
- Timeless classics like Dragon Ball and One Piece have set the standard for shonen anime, influencing countless subsequent works.
- Genres such as josei and supernatural provide distinct narratives, as seen in series like Nana and Elfen Lied that engage with adult themes.
Anime is not a singular genre; it consists of a plethora of series and films showcasing the unique aesthetics of Japanese animation. The most popular anime genres fluctuate over time, often highlighting elements of comedy, romance, or sci-fi. Numerous classifications exist for anime, extending from niche categories like iyashikei to mainstream favorites like shōnen.
Within each genre, there lie beloved anime titles, from Sailor Moon to Naruto, that exemplify their respective categories. To truly grasp what each anime genre offers, experience the iconic animated series that define their specific subsets.
Last Updated: October 19, 2024 by David Heath: While anime hasn’t completely captured the spotlight in either Eastern or Western pop culture, it’s become increasingly mainstream. Many grew up watching shows like Dragon Ball and Sailor Moon, and enjoyed One Piece and Escaflowne, even when they were edited for content. JoJo’s Bizarre Adventure transitioned from a lesser-known manga into a cultural phenomenon that inspired exhibitions in prestigious venues like the Louvre.
However, not every anime garners the same level of acclaim. Certain series gain prominence by establishing trends for future works or by becoming widely accessible favorites in their genres. Here’s an overview of some of anime’s major genres represented by top-tier shows, mixing longstanding classics and surprising favorites.
1. Kodomomuke – Doraemon
Japan’s Beloved Children’s Series
Anime gained traction in the West by illustrating that animation can cater to all ages. This led to numerous early releases in the 1990s filled with graphic content, but many creators found inspiration in more family-friendly shows like Doraemon. The ninja adventures of Naruto, the political drama of One Piece, and Great Teacher Onizuka’s lessons in delinquency all trace back to the fond childhood memories of creators who grew up adoring Doraemon.
Originating as a manga in 1969, the story of the time-traveling robot cat and his companion Nobita has seen many adaptations over the years, the most notable being the 1979-2005 animated series followed by a reboot. Its charming tales have resonated across Asia, from Japan to India, prompting the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs to appoint Doraemon as its Anime Cultural Ambassador in 2008.
2 Shōnen – Dragon Ball
How a Ki-Blasting Monkey Boy Defined a Genre
The profound impact of Dragon Ball creator Akira Toriyama was evident worldwide following his passing in March 2024, demonstrating how the story of Goku touched countless fans. The conclusion of Dragon Ball Super, featuring Goku’s epic clash with Jiren, even prompted the Mexican government to sponsor public viewing parties, igniting a diplomatic stir when Japan requested they cease.
Dragon Ball has effectively set the foundation for shōnen anime as we recognize it today. While shows like Fist of the North Star faded into obscurity, Dragon Ball thrived, inspiring numerous series about resilient characters growing stronger through adversity, such as One Piece, Naruto, and My Hero Academia. Its iconic battles, character designs, and humorous quirks have become internationally recognizable, with even non-fans familiar with terms like ‘Kamehameha.’
3 Shojo – Sailor Moon
Embracing Femininity
It’s no surprise that Sailor Moon occupies a significant role in this genre. While it may not capture the hearts of every shojo enthusiast, for many, it represents the pinnacle of magical girl anime. The show has become iconic, with Usagi, the moon-themed hero, emerging as a figurehead for the anime industry. Joined by her fellow Sailor Guardians, she battles forces of evil spearheaded by Queen Beryl.
Sailor Moon paved the way for other magical series such as Steven Universe, not just influencing visual styles but also tackling serious themes like sexuality and emotional struggles. It was groundbreaking for its time, addressing complex narratives reminiscent of works like Puella Magi Madoka Magica.
4 Josei – Nana
Highlighting Women’s Issues Through Animation
Like shojo, the josei genre specifically targets a female audience but offers narratives aimed at adults rather than teens. While romance may play a role, it doesn’t dominate the stories, which often explore deeper, real-life issues—much like Nana.
Nana follows two girls who share a name but lead different lives, forging a close bond as they navigate their dreams together in Tokyo. Nana Osaki aspires to rock stardom, while Nana Komatsu is focused on her romantic endeavors. Yet, as they chase their ambitions, their friendship faces trials that compel them to make tough choices.
5 Seinen – Berserk
The Pinnacle of Grit
Seinen is to shōnen what josei is to shojo; it primarily caters to an adult male demographic but remains relatable to broader audiences due to its intricate themes and adult-oriented narratives. Unlike many shōnen that feature combat without severe consequences, seinen can delve into darker and more graphic content, as seen in Berserk.
Although more renowned as a manga, its various animated adaptations have often been compromised, with even the classic 1997 version being a censored adaptation of the acclaimed “Golden Age”saga. Despite this, it remains one of the most revered and influential seinen anime, showcasing intense character arcs, violence, and deep explorations of themes such as vengeance and ambition. It’s a series that demands caution due to its graphic depictions of violence.
6 Fantasy – Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood
Innovating Fantasy with Steampunk Elements
While Berserk could be labeled the most prestigious fantasy anime, there’s no shortage of competition in the genre, especially for audiences looking for impactful drama without the depth of despair in Guts’ saga. A notable contender is Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood, which melds supernatural alchemy with steampunk aesthetics as Edward Elric embarks on a quest to restore his brother’s body using the Philosopher’s Stone.
Praising among the highest-rated shows on MyAnimeList (MAL), the series balances elements of fantasy and science fiction, delivering emotionally resonant story beats and thrilling battles. Its predecessor, Fullmetal Alchemist, released in 2003, while shorter and diverging significantly from the manga, is equally beloved for its own unique merits.
7 Isekai – Sword Art Online
Portaling into Alternate Universes
The isekai genre has seen a meteoric rise since the 2010s, marked by an influx of stories centering around characters transported to fantastical realms—often initiated by a phenomenon or device. A significant title in this genre is Sword Art Online, which follows Kirito, who starts as a beta tester and evolves into a heroic figure within the VR MMORPG realm.
Despite facing criticism concerning character depth and plot redundancy, Sword Art Online has inspired a myriad of shows set in virtual spaces or game-like environments. Its influence has sparked a surge in similar series, such as the widely popular That Time I Got Reincarnated as a Slime.
8 Sci-Fi – Cowboy Bebop
A Journey Through Humanity and the Cosmos
Sci-fi has significantly shaped anime’s evolution, with early classics like Astro Boy and Giant Robo focusing on themes of technology, extraterrestrial life, and mankind’s future. Yet, a standout title that continues to resonate today is Cowboy Bebop, which debuted in 1998 and remains relevant and well-loved.
This series follows Spike Spiegel and his gang of bounty hunters traversing the cosmos in search of thrills and cash. Beneath its entertaining exterior lies a thoughtful inquiry into human existence, identity, and societal evolution within a modernized universe, appealing to fans globally.
9 Mecha – Mobile Suit Gundam
The Pioneering Mecha Classic
The mecha genre traces its roots to series like Giant Robo and Mazinger Z; however, Mobile Suit Gundam propelled it into an iconic realm, alongside other greats like Astro Boy and Sailor Moon. Its RX-78-2 Gundam has become an emblem of the anime medium, even featuring a life-size model previously displayed in Yokohama.
Launched in the late 1970s, the series follows the story of Amuro Ray fighting against the Principality of Zeon. Mobile Suit Gundam’s exploration of warfare and its impacts, particularly through adolescent protagonists, paved the way for dark interpretations like Neon Genesis Evangelion and inspired lighter-hearted tales like Macross.
10 Sports – Haikyuu!!
Volleyball at Its Peak
It’s hard to overlook Haikyuu!! as one of the most influential sports anime ever, particularly as its third season achieved record-breaking acclaim on MAL. Centering around Shoyo Hinata, who strives to emulate a legendary volleyball player despite his short stature, it’s filled with engaging characters, deep friendships, and edge-of-your-seat competition.
While it may not fit the label of ‘genre-defining’ in a landscape dotted with renowned works like Hajime no Ippo and Slam Dunk, Haikyuu!! offers a compelling entry point for anime newcomers thanks to its relatable themes and availability online.
11 Adventure – One Piece
Sailing Towards the Grand Line
Luffy and the Straw Hat Pirates have been on their epic quest for Gol D. Roger’s treasure for over 25 years, with the manga series dating back to 1997. Plans are already underway for a remake, The One Piece, before the original series concludes. Yet despite this lengthy journey, the **One Piece** anime continues to capture audiences with its sea-faring exploits.
Renowned for delivering endless adventures and interactions with formidable foes, this series epitomizes the excitement of the adventure genre within anime. It’s an essential watch for adventure enthusiasts.
12 Drama – A Silent Voice
The Bully Turned Target
Anime transcends action and humor, embracing profound narratives that resonate with audiences. Few films evoke as much emotion as A Silent Voice, navigating themes of bullying, mental health, and personal redemption. The story often leaves viewers in tears while simultaneously imparting a message of hope.
Shoko Nishimiya is a new student with a hearing impairment, facing bullying from Shoya Ishida. Eventually, Shoya becomes an outcast himself, immersing himself in guilt. As he strives to make amends, the film intricately portrays his journey toward earning Shoko’s forgiveness.
13 Romance – Fruits Basket
Unexpected Romance Blooms
Love stories remain a timeless genre, and one anime that stands out in the romance category is Fruits Basket, adapted from a bestselling rom-com manga. The narrative follows Toru, a girl mourning her parents, who relocates with the Souma family cursed to transform into zodiac animals upon physical contact with girls.
This whimsical premise elevates the narrative beyond a conventional teenage romance, providing deep explorations of characters and significant friend and family dynamics as Toru attempts to lift the curse on the Soumas. Expect plenty of heartwarming moments!
14 Boys Love – Given
A Journey to Mending Hearts
While Fruits Basket provides heartfelt moments for straight audiences, Given appeals to the LGBTQ community, representing Boys’ Love narratives authentically. The story centers on an amateur rock band and blends romance with personal growth and emotional themes.
Focusing on Ritsuka, an earnest guitar teacher, and Mafuyu, his student grappling with the haunting memory of his lost boyfriend, the duo’s musical journey becomes an emotional outlet that explores healing and redemption.
15 Girls Love – Revolutionary Girl Utena
A Groundbreaking Love Story
Revolutionary Girl Utena serves as a multi-layered narrative, amalgamating fantasy, fairy tale deconstruction, sexual and moral exploration, while inspiring series like Steven Universe. At its core, it revolves around Utena, who aspires to become a prince and save Anthy, the Rose Bride.
Diving into themes of empowerment and autonomy, Utena’s quest to liberate Anthy from objectification involves fierce duels with rivals who test her resolve. This intricate plot portrays complex relationships that challenge societal norms.
16 Comedy – Ouran High School Host Club
A Hilarious Reverse Harem
Comedy frequently enhances various anime genres, yet Ouran High School Host Club stands out as a dedicated comedic series. The story follows Haruhi, a female student mistaken for a boy, which leads to a range of comedic predicaments as she joins the eccentric Host Club to repay a debt.
While the show includes romantic tension, its focus remains on humor, showcasing outlandish situations where Haruhi navigates wealthy peers’ ludicrous behaviors in an entertaining and laugh-out-loud fashion.
17 Harem – Tenchi Muyo
Surrounded by Potential Partners
As harem anime gained popularity, titles such as Tenchi Muyo emerged, surrounding its protagonist with numerous potential romantic interests. This format, popularized in earlier works like Urusei Yatsura, established a blueprint for other series where a single male protagonist juggles multiple suitors.
Although some installments delve into wish fulfillment and fan service, Tenchi Muyo balances its romantic exploits with thoughtfully developed relationships motivated by genuine affection and character interactions.
18 Ecchi – Golden Boy
Lighthearted Fanservice
The theme of fanservice is prevalent across media, and anime is no exception. Yet Golden Boy offers a comedic take on this convention without delving too deeply into explicit territory. Following Kintaro Ooe on a series of part-time jobs, the narrative humorously highlights his awkward escapades with various women whilst maintaining a light-hearted tone.
19 Gourmet – Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma
The Pinnacle of Culinary Anime
In remarkable contrast, cooking anime has gained traction, incorporating elements of fanservice and culinary competition, as seen in Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma. The plot revolves around Soma’s culinary challenges at Toutsuki Culinary Academy, where students engage in intense cooking battles called “shokugeki”to prove their skills.
Despite the seeming niche, food-oriented anime is increasingly popular, with other series like Mister Ajikko and Yakitate!! Japan showcasing cooking techniques while exploring character-driven narratives.
20 Musical – Carole And Tuesday
Innovative Musical Expressions
While many musicals utilize music as a narrative device, Carole and Tuesday immerses viewers in its characters’ musical journey. The series revolves around two aspiring musicians in a dystopian future, emphasizing their performances and the struggles they face as they strive to overcome the dominance of AI-driven acts.
Alongside showcasing beautiful original music and profound themes, Carole and Tuesday tackle societal challenges like racism and classism, offering a rich narrative experience accompanied by impactful performance art.
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